Understanding Low Energy Availability (LEA) is crucial for athletes and active individuals to maintain optimal health and performance. This article delves into the definition, causes, and implications of LEA, along with warning signs to watch out for.
Definition:
Low Energy Availability (LEA) occurs when energy intake doesn’t meet energy expenditure, impacting essential body functions.
What is RED-S?:
Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) is an expanded concept of the Female Athlete Triad.
It includes both males and females and impacts health and performance.
Causes of LEA:
Increased training without proper fueling.
Disordered eating or eating disorders.
Unintentional underfueling.
Hormonal Impacts:
LEA can lead to a decrease in several hormones (FSH, LH, T3, estrogen, progesterone).
Cortisol levels may increase, further complicating health.
Low Carb Availability:
Insufficient carbohydrate intake can worsen RED-S symptoms.
It reduces glycogen use and restoration during endurance exercise.
Health Implications:
Menstrual dysfunction.
Sexual dysfunction.
Impaired bone, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, endocrine, and mental health.
Performance Implications:
Reduced endurance, strength, coordination, and training response.
Increased risk of injury.
Warning Signs:
Irregular or absent periods are a red flag for female athletes.
recurrent injuries that are slow to resolve
decreased adaptation to training loads
In conclusion, recognizing and addressing Low Energy Availability is essential for maintaining both health and performance. If you suspect you might be experiencing LEA, consider consulting a healthcare professional.
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